Overview
SourcedProvide social services to assist in rehabilitation of law offenders in custody or on probation or parole. Make recommendations for actions involving formulation of rehabilitation plan and treatment of offender, including conditional release and education and employment stipulations.
O*NET definition of Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists (SOC 21-1092) · Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed.
Occupation figures cover every job classified under SOC 21-1092, including Correctional Counselor / Case Manager, Probation Officer.
Titles employers use
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025 — national estimates by ownership; U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), O*NET 31.0 Database; GovJobs Wiki (editorial). Data captured September 30, 2026.
Requirements
Sourced- Education needed to enter
- Bachelor's degree
- Related work experience
- None
- On-the-job training
- Moderate-term on-the-job training
Education workers say the job requires
Share of surveyed workers in Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists (SOC 21-1092) naming each level as required to be hired, 37 respondents, O*NET survey August 2020. Each employer sets its own minimum.
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — education and training assignments by detailed occupation (Tables 5.3, 5.4); U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), O*NET 31.0 Database. Data captured September 30, 2026.
How to get hired
SourcedProbation officers and correctional treatment specialists typically need a bachelor's degree. In addition, candidates may be required to pass oral, written, and psychological exams.
From the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook profile “Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists”, published August 27, 2026 · Read the full profile. National guidance; each employer runs its own hiring process.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2025–35 edition (XML compilation). Data captured September 30, 2026.
Academy and training
Sourced- SOC 21-1092
- Moderate-term on-the-job training
- Job zone
- Considerable Preparation Needed
Academy length, curriculum and paid-training policies are set by each employer and state; they are part of the employer collection stage.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — education and training assignments by detailed occupation (Tables 5.3, 5.4). Data captured September 30, 2026.
Promotion ladder
EditorialCivil-service class series: civil-service class series I → II → III → senior → supervisor → manager, each with a salary range. Typical structure for a civil-service class series; titles, steps and timing differ by employer.
- Trainee / Assistant
- Level I
- Level II (journey)
- Level III / Senior
- Lead / Principal
- Supervisor
- Manager
- Director / Division Chief
Source: GovJobs Wiki (editorial).
Pay
SourcedMedian annual wage by employer type, national, May 2025. Federal includes the U.S. Postal Service; state and local include public schools and hospitals.
| Employer type | Workers | 10th pct. | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | 44,860 | $47,130 | $54,750 | $66,270 | $83,670 | $107,790 |
| Local | 41,910 | $47,260 | $56,650 | $70,260 | $92,130 | $108,150 |
| All government | 86,760 | $47,130 | $55,080 | $67,120 | $85,640 | $108,150 |
| Private sector | 2,630 | $36,090 | $41,710 | $47,170 | $57,790 | $61,740 |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025 — national estimates by ownership. Data captured September 30, 2026.
State government pay plans
Official pay ranges for the job classes that match Parole Officer in 34 state civil-service plans. They cover state employees only, not cities, counties or school districts.
| State | Job classes in the state plan | Annual range |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Prob & Parole Officer Trnee, Prob & Parole Off, Prob & Parole Officer,SR 3 classes · effective September 1, 2026 · Alabama State Personnel Department | $42,094 – $85,966 |
| Arkansas | Community Supervision Officer I–III 3 classes · effective July 1, 2025 · Arkansas Department of Shared Administrative Services, Office of Personnel Management | $50,845 – $91,054 |
| California | Parole Agent I Adult Parole, Parole Agent II, Adult Parole (Specialist), Parole Agent II, Youth Authority (Specialist), Parole Agent III Adult Parole 4 classes · effective September 14, 2026 · California Department of Human Resources (CalHR) | $87,336 – $163,416 |
| Colorado | Community Parole Officer 1 class · effective July 1, 2026 · Colorado Department of Personnel & Administration, Division of Human Resources (DHR) | $67,212 – $94,128 |
| Connecticut | Parole Officer Trainee, Parole Officer 1–2 3 classes · effective June 26, 2026 · Connecticut Department of Administrative Services (DAS), Statewide Human Resources | $62,233 – $124,326 |
| Delaware | Probation and Parole Officer I–II, Senior Probation and Parole Officer | $68,969 – $114,384 |
| Georgia | Community Supervision Ofc 1–3, Community Supervision Ofc 1 Non Exempt, Parole Ofc 1–3, +5 more 12 classes · effective September 17, 2025 · Georgia Department of Administrative Services (DOAS), Human Resources Administration — Compensation | $44,010 – $79,868 |
| Hawaii | Parole Officer I–VI 6 classes · effective July 1, 2026 · State of Hawaiʻi Department of Human Resources Development (DHRD) | $52,416 – $114,912 |
| Idaho | Probation & Parole Officer, Probation & Parole Officer Senior, Probation & Parole Officer Lead 3 classes · effective June 8, 2025 · Idaho Division of Human Resources | $49,358 – $120,640 |
| Indiana | Parole Officer 3–2, Parole Officer S5, Parole Officer S4 4 classes · Indiana State Personnel Department | $47,320 – $104,338 |
| Iowa | Probation/Parole Officer 1–3 4 classes · effective June 19, 2026 · Iowa Department of Administrative Services | $51,979 – $98,634 |
| Kentucky | Probation and Parole Officer I–IV 4 classes · effective September 16, 2026 · Kentucky Personnel Cabinet | $44,074 – $63,815 |
| Louisiana | Probation and Parole Officer 1--Adult, Probation and Parole Officer 2--Adult, Probation and Parole Officer 3--Adult 3 classes · effective August 19, 2024 · Louisiana Department of State Civil Service | $37,461 – $92,851 |
| Maryland | Parole & Prob Agent I–II, Parole & Prob Agent SR 3 classes · effective July 1, 2026 · Maryland Department of Budget and Management (DBM) | $55,710 – $106,155 |
| Massachusetts | Parole Officer (A/B), Parole Officer (C), Parole Officer (D) 3 classes · effective July 12, 2026 · Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Human Resources Division (HRD) | $82,938 – $137,856 |
| Michigan | Parole Probation Officer-E, Parole Probation Officer-A 2 classes · effective October 1, 2026 · Michigan Civil Service Commission | $55,474 – $96,325 |
| Minnesota | Corr Agent, Corr Agent Senior, Corr Agent Career 3 classes · effective July 2, 2026 · Minnesota Management and Budget (MMB) | $54,330 – $101,088 |
| Missouri | Probation and Parole Officer 1 class · effective July 1, 2025 · Missouri Office of Administration, Division of Personnel | $34,992 – $73,392 |
| Nebraska | Parole Officer 1 class · effective July 1, 2026 · Nebraska Department of Administrative Services, State Personnel Division | $60,667 – $89,432 |
| New Jersey | Parole Officer Recruit, Senior Parole Officer 4 classes · effective July 11, 2026 · New Jersey Civil Service Commission | $65,482 – $141,276 |
| New Mexico | Probation & Parole Officer, Senior Probation & Parole Officer, Lead Probation & Parole Officer 3 classes · effective July 4, 2026 · New Mexico State Personnel Office (SPO), Compensation and Classification | $51,755 – $93,936 |
| New York | Parole Officer 1 class · effective April 1, 2026 · New York State Department of Civil Service | $81,642 – $103,513 |
| North Carolina | Probation/Parole Officer 1 class · effective February 1, 2026 · North Carolina Office of State Human Resources (OSHR) | $37,377 – $65,408 |
| Ohio | Parole Officer, Senior Parole Officer 2 classes · effective July 1, 2026 · Ohio Department of Administrative Services (DAS), Classification & Compensation | $57,158 – $78,520 |
| Oklahoma | Probation and Parole Officer I–IV 4 classes · effective August 30, 2026 · Oklahoma Office of Management and Enterprise Services (OMES), Human Capital Management | $27,827 – $178,547 |
| Oregon | Adult Parole/Probation Officer | $65,436 – $123,264 |
| Pennsylvania | Parole Agent 1–2 2 classes · effective July 1, 2026 · Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Office of Administration | $53,008 – $98,144 |
| South Carolina | Probation and Parole Law Enforcement Officer I–III | $49,368 – $74,868 |
| South Dakota | Parole Agent, Senior Parole Agent 2 classes · effective July 1, 2026 · South Dakota Bureau of Human Resources and Administration (BHRA); Unified Judicial System for judicial classes | $53,435 – $89,003 |
| Texas | Parole Officer I–V 5 classes · effective September 1, 2025 · Texas State Auditor's Office (SAO), State Classification Team | $42,976 – $99,658 |
| Vermont | Probation and Parole Officer, Senior Probation & Parole Officer 2 classes · effective July 12, 2026 · Vermont Department of Human Resources | $68,078 – $111,259 |
| West Virginia | Probation and Parole Officer 1–3 3 classes · effective August 24, 2024 · West Virginia Department of Administration, Division of Personnel | $35,702 – $75,789 |
| Wisconsin | Probation and Parole Agent 1 class · effective June 28, 2026 · Wisconsin Department of Administration, Division of Personnel Management | $49,213 – $77,979 |
| Wyoming | Adult Probation & Parole Officer, Senior Adult Probation & Parole Officer 2 classes · effective July 1, 2026 · Wyoming Department of Administration & Information, Human Resources Division | $55,016 – $97,406 |
Lowest class minimum to highest class maximum. Hourly rates are converted at 2,080 hours a year, and other rates at the plan's pay periods; the plans publish the exact rates. Classes are matched to this job by title (GovJobsWiki editorial rule).
Sources: 34 official state pay plans, linked in each row.
Schedule
SourcedShare of surveyed workers in the occupation (O*NET work context, August 2020). Shift patterns and differentials depend on the employer.
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), O*NET 31.0 Database. Data captured September 30, 2026.
Day-to-day work
Sourced- Prepare and maintain case folder for each assigned inmate or offender.4.5
- Gather information about offenders' backgrounds by talking to offenders, their families and friends, and other people who have relevant information.4.4
- Interview probationers and parolees regularly to evaluate their progress in accomplishing goals and maintaining the terms specified in their probation contracts and rehabilitation plans.4.4
- Discuss with offenders how such issues as drug and alcohol abuse and anger management problems might have played roles in their criminal behavior.4.4
- Supervise people on community-based sentences, such as electronically monitored home detention, and provide field supervision of probationers by conducting curfew checks or visits to home, work, or school.4.4
- Investigate alleged parole violations, using interviews, surveillance, and search and seizure.4.4
- Develop liaisons and networks with other parole officers, community agencies, correctional institutions, psychiatric facilities, and aftercare agencies to plan for helping offenders with life adjustments.4.3
- Arrange for medical, mental health, or substance abuse treatment services according to individual needs or court orders.4.3
- Recommend remedial action or initiate court action in response to noncompliance with terms of probation or parole.4.3
- Administer drug and alcohol tests, including random drug screens of offenders, to verify compliance with substance abuse treatment programs.4.3
The 10 most important of 17 core tasks for Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists, ranked by importance (1–5) in the O*NET survey of August 2020.
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), O*NET 31.0 Database. Data captured September 30, 2026.
Related jobs
DerivedBy state
SourcedMedian annual wage for Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists (SOC 21-1092) in each state, all employers (BLS state estimates do not separate government from private). Highest first.
| State | Workers | 10th pct. | Median | 90th pct. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 13,900 | $64,820 | $103,640 | $140,950 |
| Connecticut | 1,200 | $68,330 | $97,350 | $126,680 |
| Massachusetts | 1,200 | $61,160 | $94,590 | $114,660 |
| Oregon | 1,260 | $62,960 | $84,920 | $107,400 |
| Vermont | 190 | $64,730 | $83,820 | $98,160 |
| Washington | 2,150 | $69,600 | $82,750 | $104,260 |
| Delaware | 380 | $56,260 | $81,880 | $102,000 |
| Minnesota | 2,040 | $56,650 | $81,580 | $104,150 |
| New York | 4,360 | $54,560 | $80,350 | $102,810 |
| New Jersey | 2,890 | $52,210 | $80,280 | $107,790 |
| Michigan | 2,190 | $55,900 | $79,760 | $83,180 |
| Iowa | 950 | $57,410 | $77,390 | $94,810 |
| Alaska | 480 | $54,310 | $77,000 | $118,020 |
| Maryland | 1,370 | $60,010 | $76,390 | $96,370 |
| Nevada | 780 | $54,720 | $75,840 | $95,150 |
| Illinois | 2,590 | $49,330 | $74,390 | $107,710 |
| Hawaii | 40 | $58,300 | $73,830 | $89,810 |
| Colorado | 2,540 | $51,940 | $71,680 | $96,770 |
| Maine | 160 | $53,790 | $71,140 | $73,990 |
| Pennsylvania | 4,310 | $48,340 | $67,370 | $89,750 |
| South Dakota | 280 | $58,760 | $66,870 | $78,540 |
| New Mexico | 620 | $54,640 | $66,000 | $86,240 |
| North Dakota | 250 | $51,200 | $65,140 | $80,330 |
| Nebraska | 560 | $42,540 | $63,460 | $81,370 |
| Louisiana | 980 | $44,230 | $62,910 | $85,060 |
| North Carolina | 3,310 | $45,410 | $62,220 | $75,180 |
| Kansas | 760 | $49,480 | $61,890 | $76,110 |
| Ohio | 3,310 | $46,480 | $61,120 | $79,640 |
| Alabama | 1,080 | $42,300 | $61,050 | $84,270 |
| Arizona | 1,100 | $45,790 | $60,910 | $80,380 |
| Georgia | 2,650 | $45,280 | $60,270 | $71,570 |
| Indiana | 2,270 | $43,610 | $60,170 | $81,160 |
| Idaho | 760 | $47,470 | $59,780 | $77,210 |
| Montana | 360 | $48,390 | $59,750 | $74,280 |
| Kentucky | 830 | $54,070 | $59,610 | $69,000 |
| Virginia | 2,730 | $46,320 | $58,820 | $77,010 |
| Tennessee | 2,120 | $45,610 | $58,010 | $69,470 |
| South Carolina | 460 | $51,110 | $56,780 | $84,710 |
| Wyoming | 200 | $48,010 | $56,580 | $74,060 |
| West Virginia | 890 | $37,640 | $53,120 | $73,190 |
| Texas | 8,100 | $46,020 | $52,880 | $74,290 |
| Arkansas | 850 | $37,030 | $51,180 | $63,750 |
| Florida | 4,490 | $38,350 | $50,960 | $64,940 |
| Oklahoma | 870 | $38,310 | $50,380 | $62,980 |
| Missouri | 2,290 | $42,960 | $46,840 | $51,710 |
| Mississippi | 150 | $28,640 | $34,110 | $50,730 |
46 states with published estimates.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025 — state estimates. Data captured September 30, 2026.
Not yet collected
These dimensions are part of every job page. We publish them only once they are sourced from official documents such as job postings, pay plans, union contracts and state standards.
- 05 ProbationNot yet collectedProbation length and what ends it
- 09 Benefits and pensionNot yet collectedPension plan and formula, retirement age and years, DROP, retiree health, Social Security coverage, 457(b) and PSLF eligibility
- 10 Union contractsNot yet collectedBargaining unit, union and the current contract, with its source and effective dates
- 11 Transfers and lateral entryNot yet collectedLateral entry policy, certification reciprocity, lateral bonuses and moves between agencies
- 14 Exam practiceNot yet collectedNamed entrance and licensing exams, with free practice tests where they exist
- 15 Employer directoryNot yet collectedEvery public employer that hires this job, with its own pay and rules